monster.cpp

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/*
 * Crossfire -- cooperative multi-player graphical RPG and adventure game
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1999-2013 Mark Wedel and the Crossfire Development Team
 * Copyright (c) 1992 Frank Tore Johansen
 *
 * Crossfire is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You are
 * welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. For details, please
 * see COPYING and LICENSE.
 *
 * The authors can be reached via e-mail at <crossfire@metalforge.org>.
 */
 
#include "global.h"
 
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
 
#include "skills.h"
#include "spells.h"
#include "sproto.h"
#include "minheap.h"
 
static int monster_can_hit(object *ob1, object *ob2, rv_vector *rv);
static int monster_cast_spell(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir);
static int monster_use_scroll(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir);
static int monster_use_skill(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir);
static int monster_use_range(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir);
static int monster_use_bow(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir);
static void monster_check_pickup(object *monster);
static int monster_can_pick(object *monster, object *item);
static void monster_apply_below(object *monster);
static int monster_dist_att(int dir, object *enemy, object *part, rv_vector *rv);
static int monster_run_att(int dir, object *ob, object *enemy, object *part, rv_vector *rv);
static int monster_hitrun_att(int dir, object *ob);
static int monster_wait_att(int dir, object *ob, object *enemy, object *part, rv_vector *rv);
static int monster_disthit_att(int dir, object *ob, object *enemy, object *part, rv_vector *rv);
static int monster_wait_att2(int dir, rv_vector *rv);
static void monster_circ1_move(object *ob);
static void monster_circ2_move(object *ob);
static void monster_pace_movev(object *ob);
static void monster_pace_moveh(object *ob);
static void monster_pace2_movev(object *ob);
static void monster_pace2_moveh(object *ob);
static void monster_rand_move(object *ob);
static int monster_talk_to_npc(object *npc, talk_info *info);
 
#define MIN_MON_RADIUS 3
 
object *monster_check_enemy(object *npc, rv_vector *rv) {
    object *owner;
 
    /* if this is pet, let him attack the same enemy as his owner
     * TODO: when there is no ower enemy, try to find a target,
     * which CAN attack the owner. */
    owner = object_get_owner(npc);
    if ((npc->attack_movement&HI4) == PETMOVE) {
        if (owner == NULL)
            object_set_enemy(npc, NULL);
        else if (npc->enemy == NULL)
            object_set_enemy(npc, owner->enemy);
    }
 
    /* periodically, a monster may change its target.  Also, if the object
     * has been destroyed, etc, clear the enemy.
     * TODO: this should be changed, because it invokes to attack forced or
     * attacked monsters to leave the attacker alone, before it is destroyed
     */
    /* i had removed the random target leave, this invokes problems with friendly
     * objects, getting attacked and defending herself - they don't try to attack
     * again then but perhaps get attack on and on
     * If we include a aggravated flag in , we can handle evil vs evil and good vs good
     * too. */
 
    if (npc->enemy && !object_value_set(npc, "is_guard")) {
        /* I broke these if's apart to better be able to see what
         * the grouping checks are.  Code is the same.
         */
        if (QUERY_FLAG(npc->enemy, FLAG_REMOVED)
        || QUERY_FLAG(npc->enemy, FLAG_FREED)
        || !on_same_map(npc, npc->enemy)
        || npc == npc->enemy
        || QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_NEUTRAL)
        || QUERY_FLAG(npc->enemy, FLAG_NEUTRAL))
            object_set_enemy(npc, NULL);
 
        else if (QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_FRIENDLY) && (
                (QUERY_FLAG(npc->enemy, FLAG_FRIENDLY) && !pets_should_arena_attack(npc, owner, npc->enemy))
                || (npc->enemy->type == PLAYER && !pets_should_arena_attack(npc, owner, npc->enemy))
                || npc->enemy == owner))
            object_set_enemy(npc, NULL);
        else if (!QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_FRIENDLY)
        && (!QUERY_FLAG(npc->enemy, FLAG_FRIENDLY) && npc->enemy->type != PLAYER))
            object_set_enemy(npc, NULL);
 
        /* I've noticed that pets could sometimes get an arrow as the
         * target enemy - this code below makes sure the enemy is something
         * that should be attacked.  My guess is that the arrow hits
         * the creature/owner, and so the creature then takes that
         * as the enemy to attack.
         */
        else if (!QUERY_FLAG(npc->enemy, FLAG_MONSTER)
        && !QUERY_FLAG(npc->enemy, FLAG_GENERATOR)
        && npc->enemy->type != PLAYER
        && npc->enemy->type != GOLEM)
            object_set_enemy(npc, NULL);
    }
    return monster_can_detect_enemy(npc, npc->enemy, rv) ? npc->enemy : NULL;
}
 
static int is_enemy(object *who, object *owner) {
    if (who == owner) {
        return 0;
    }
    if (!QUERY_FLAG(who, FLAG_MONSTER) && !QUERY_FLAG(who, FLAG_GENERATOR) && who->type != PLAYER) {
        return 0;
    }
    if (QUERY_FLAG(who, FLAG_MONSTER) && owner && object_get_owner(who) == owner) {
        return 0;
    }
    if (who->type == PLAYER && owner && owner->type == PLAYER) {
        if (owner->contr->peaceful && who->contr->peaceful) {
            return 0;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}
 
object *monster_find_nearest_enemy(object *npc, object *owner) {
    int i, mflags;
    int16_t nx, ny;
    mapstruct *m;
    int search_arr[SIZEOFFREE];
 
    get_search_arr(search_arr);
    for (i = 0; i < SIZEOFFREE; i++) {
        /* modified to implement smart searching using search_arr
         * guidance array to determine direction of search order
         */
        nx = npc->x+freearr_x[search_arr[i]];
        ny = npc->y+freearr_y[search_arr[i]];
        m = npc->map;
 
        if (nx == npc->x && ny == npc->y) {
            continue;   // Don't try to attack ourself
        }
 
        mflags = get_map_flags(m, &m, nx, ny, &nx, &ny);
        if (mflags&P_OUT_OF_MAP)
            continue;
 
        if (mflags&P_IS_ALIVE) {
            object *creature = NULL;
            FOR_MAP_PREPARE(m, nx, ny, tmp)
                if (is_enemy(tmp, owner)) {
                    creature = tmp;
                    break;
                }
            FOR_MAP_FINISH();
            // it is possible to not find an enemy even if the square is alive,
            // e.g. the npc's owner is there
            if (creature) {
                if (can_see_monsterP(m, npc->x, npc->y, i))
                    return creature;
            }
        } /* is something living on this space */
    }
    return NULL;  /* nothing found */
}
 
static object *monster_find_enemy(object *npc, rv_vector *rv) {
    object *attacker, *tmp = NULL;
 
    attacker = npc->attacked_by; /* save this for later use. This can be a attacker. */
    npc->attacked_by = NULL;     /* always clear the attacker entry */
 
    /* if we berserk, we don't care about others - we attack all we can find */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_BERSERK)) {
        tmp = monster_find_nearest_enemy(npc, NULL);
        if (tmp == NULL)
            return NULL;
        if (!get_rangevector(npc, tmp, rv, 0))
            return NULL;
        return tmp;
    }
 
    /* Here is the main enemy selection.
     * We want this: if there is an enemy, attack him until its not possible or
     * one of both is dead.
     * If we have no enemy and we are...
     * a monster: try to find a player, a pet or a friendly monster
     * a friendly: only target a monster which is targeting you first or targeting a player
     * a neutral: fight a attacker (but there should be none), then do nothing
     * a pet: attack player enemy or a monster
     */
 
    /* pet move */
    if ((npc->attack_movement&HI4) == PETMOVE) {
        tmp = pets_get_enemy(npc, rv);
        if (tmp == NULL)
            return NULL;
        if (!get_rangevector(npc, tmp, rv, 0))
            return NULL;
        return tmp;
    }
 
    /* we check our old enemy. */
    tmp = monster_check_enemy(npc, rv);
    if (tmp == NULL) {
        if (attacker) { /* if we have an attacker, check him */
            /* we want be sure this is the right one! */
            if (attacker->count == npc->attacked_by_count) {
                /* TODO: thats not finished */
                /* we don't want a fight evil vs evil or good against non evil */
                if (QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_NEUTRAL)
                || QUERY_FLAG(attacker, FLAG_NEUTRAL) /* neutral */
                || (QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_FRIENDLY) && QUERY_FLAG(attacker, FLAG_FRIENDLY))
                || (!QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_FRIENDLY) && (!QUERY_FLAG(attacker, FLAG_FRIENDLY) && attacker->type != PLAYER)))
                    CLEAR_FLAG(npc, FLAG_SLEEP); /* skip it, but lets wakeup */
                else if (on_same_map(npc, attacker)) { /* thats the only thing we must know... */
                    CLEAR_FLAG(npc, FLAG_SLEEP); /* well, NOW we really should wake up! */
                    object_set_enemy(npc, attacker);
                    if (!get_rangevector(npc, attacker, rv, 0))
                        return NULL;
                    return attacker; /* yes, we face our attacker! */
                }
            }
        }
 
        if (object_value_set(npc, "is_guard")) {
            object_set_enemy(npc, get_nearest_criminal(npc));
            if (npc->enemy) {
                char buf[MAX_BUF];
                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Halt, %s, you are under arrest!", npc->enemy->name);
                monster_npc_say(npc, buf);
                tmp = monster_check_enemy(npc, rv);
            }
        } else {
            /* we have no legal enemy or attacker, so we try to target a new one */
            if (!QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_UNAGGRESSIVE)
            && !QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_FRIENDLY)
            && !QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_NEUTRAL)) {
                object_set_enemy(npc, get_nearest_player(npc));
                if (npc->enemy)
                    tmp = monster_check_enemy(npc, rv);
            }
        }
    }
 
    return tmp;
}
 
static int monster_check_wakeup(object *op, object *enemy, rv_vector *rv) {
    int radius = MAX(op->stats.Wis, MIN_MON_RADIUS);
 
    /* Trim work - if no enemy, no need to do anything below */
    if (!enemy)
        return 0;
 
    /* blinded monsters can only find nearby objects to attack */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_BLIND))
        radius = MIN_MON_RADIUS;
 
    /* This covers the situation where the monster is in the dark
     * and has an enemy. If the enemy has no carried light (or isnt
     * glowing!) then the monster has trouble finding the enemy.
     * Remember we already checked to see if the monster can see in
     * the dark. */
    else if (op->map
    && op->map->darkness > 0
    && enemy
    && !enemy->invisible
    && !monster_stand_in_light(enemy)
    && (!QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SEE_IN_DARK) || !QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SEE_INVISIBLE))) {
        int dark = radius/(op->map->darkness);
 
        radius = (dark > MIN_MON_RADIUS) ? (dark+1) : MIN_MON_RADIUS;
    } else if (!QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SLEEP))
        return 1;
 
    /* enemy should already be on this map, so don't really need to check
     * for that.
     */
    if (rv->distance < (unsigned)(QUERY_FLAG(enemy, FLAG_STEALTH) ? radius/2+1 : radius)) {
        CLEAR_FLAG(op, FLAG_SLEEP);
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}
 
static int monster_move_randomly(object *op) {
    int i;
    sstring talked;
    char value[2];
 
    /* timeout before moving */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_UNAGGRESSIVE)) {
        talked = object_get_value(op, "talked_to");
        if (talked && strlen(talked) > 0) {
            i = atoi(talked);
            i--;
 
            if (i != 0) {
                value[1] = '\0';
                value[0] = '0' + i;
                object_set_value(op, "talked_to", value, 1);
                    return 1;
            }
 
            /* finished timeout talked to */
            object_set_value(op, "talked_to", "", 1);
        }
    }
 
    /* Give up to 15 chances for a monster to move randomly */
    for (i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
        if (move_object(op, RANDOM()%8+1))
            return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}
 
#define MAX_EXPLORE 5000
 
struct path_data {
    int16_t x;
    int16_t y;
    uint16_t distance;
    uint16_t heuristic_dist;
    // This way we only have to calculate penalties once per tile per pathing calculation.
    int16_t movement_penalty;
};
 
int path_measure_func(const void *ob) {
    const path_data *dat = (path_data *)ob;
    return dat->distance + dat->heuristic_dist;
}
 
static inline uint16_t estimate_distance(int16_t ax, int16_t ay, int16_t bx, int16_t by) {
    uint16_t dx = FABS(ax - bx), dy = FABS(ay - by);
    uint16_t diag = MIN(dx, dy);
    return (MAX(dx, dy) - diag) * 2 + diag * 3;
}
 
int monster_compute_path(object *source, object *target, int default_dir) {
    path_data *distance, *current, *explore;
    path_data *heaparr[MAX_EXPLORE];
    int dirs[8];
    int dir, x, y, i;
    MinHeap heap;
 
    if (target->map != source->map)
        return default_dir;
 
    // These shouldn't change during the calculation, so store them once to avoid dereferencing.
    mapstruct * cur_map = source->map; // Not constant to silence some warnings.
    const uint16_t map_height = cur_map->height;
    /*printf("monster_compute_path (%d, %d) => (%d, %d)\n", source->x, source->y, target->x, target->y);*/
 
    // Leave width like this because it is used just this once.
    const int size = cur_map->width * map_height;
 
    // Determine the amount by which terrain is over or under valued by the monster.
    /* terrain value is as follows:
     * 0 - ignore terrain penalties
     * 1 - undervalue terrain penalties by half
     * 2 - correctly value terrain penalties
     * 3 - overvalue terrain penalties by 50%
     */
    int terrain_value;
    if (source->attack_movement & RUSH)
        terrain_value = 0;
    else if (source->stats.Int < 8) {
        terrain_value = 0;
    }
    else if (source->stats.Int < 13) {
        // If low Wis, then over-value terrain penalties.
        // Otherwise, under-value terrain penalties.
        if (source->stats.Wis < 13) {
            terrain_value = 3;
        }
        else {
            terrain_value = 1;
        }
    }
    else {
        terrain_value = 2;
    }
 
    if (!source->more) // Skip multitile monsters, since this does not work right for them
    {
        dir = -1; // Set a sentinel. -1 = no escape, 0 = many ways out, [1, 8] = one way out in dir
        for (i = 1; i <= 8; ++i)
        {
            x = source->x + freearr_x[i];
            y = source->y + freearr_y[i];
            if (OUT_OF_REAL_MAP(cur_map, x, y))
                continue;
            if (ob_blocked(source, cur_map, x, y))
                continue;
            // We have a way out. Make note of it
            if (dir < 0)
                dir = i;
            // We have many ways out -- do the pathing part of the function
            else
            {
                dir = 0;
                break;
            }
        }
        // If dir > 0, we have our direction to go, as it is our only choice.
        if (dir > 0)
            return dir;
        // If dir < 0, then we have no way to go. Return default_dir.
        if (dir < 0)
            return default_dir;
    }
 
    /* We are setting all the values manually anyway,
     * so there's no reason to use calloc().
     * malloc() is more efficient here for that reason.
     */
    distance = static_cast<path_data *>(malloc(size * sizeof(*distance)));
    if (distance == NULL) {
        fatal(OUT_OF_MEMORY);
    }
    /*
     * To set to 65535 efficiently, though, I need to memset each byte to 255.
     * each element is multiple bytes, and this will fill the non-distance values, too.
     */
    memset(distance, 255, sizeof(*distance) * size);
 
    // Set current to the starting point.
    current = &distance[map_height * target->x + target->y];
 
    current->distance = 0;
    current->x = target->x;
    current->y = target->y;
    current->heuristic_dist = 0;
    current->movement_penalty = 0;
 
    // Initialize the minheap
    minheap_init_static(&heap, (void **)heaparr, MAX_EXPLORE, path_measure_func);
 
    /* The first time through, current = 0 and max = 1.
     * This will evaluate to true, so we might as well use a do-while loop.
     */
    do {
        /* Fisher–Yates shuffle the directions, "inside-out" algorithm
         * from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher-Yates_shuffle */
        dirs[0] = 1;
        for (i = 1; i < 8; ++i) {
            x = RANDOM() % (i+1);
            dirs[i] = dirs[x];
            dirs[x] = i+1;
        }
 
        for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
            uint16_t new_distance;
 
            /*
             * dirs[i] is the direction we wish to check.
             */
            dir = absdir(default_dir+4+dirs[i]);
            x = current->x+freearr_x[dir];
            y = current->y+freearr_y[dir];
 
            if (x == source->x && y == source->y) {
                // Randomly decide to bob/weave on some steps if not RUSH movement.
                // When not in RUSH mode, 1/4 chance of bob/weaving
                if (source->attack_movement != RUSH && (RANDOM() & 3) == 0) {
                    // We take the perspective of the source when determining our dodge/weave direction,
                    // incorporating the required dir+4 reversal immediately.
                    int newdir = absdir(dir+4+1-(RANDOM()&2)); // Bob/weave up to one space.
                    int newx = source->x+freearr_x[newdir],
                        newy = source->y+freearr_y[newdir];
                    // If we travel out of the map with this dodge, then we didn't try to path there.
                    // In such a case, we need to skip bob/weave and just go at the target.
                    if (!OUT_OF_REAL_MAP(source->map, newx, newy)) {
                        const path_data *newloc = &distance[map_height * newx + newy];
                        // If we checked the tile during pathing and it is not a wall and the movement penalty of the tile
                        // is not greater than the shortest-path's movement penalty, then go to that space.
                        if (newloc->distance != 65535 && newloc->distance != 1 &&
                            newloc->movement_penalty <= current->movement_penalty)
                                dir = newdir; // Commit to the bob/weave
                        else
                            dir = absdir(dir + 4);
                    }
                    else
                        dir = absdir(dir + 4);
                }
                // Otherwise, just follow the path we were given.
                else
                    dir = absdir(dir + 4);
                free(distance);
                return dir;
            }
 
            if (OUT_OF_REAL_MAP(cur_map, x, y))
                continue;
 
            // Move these up, so we can reduce calls to ob_blocked with their info.
            assert(map_height * x + y >= 0);
            assert(map_height * x + y < size);
 
            // Set a pointer to the tile we are exploring.
            explore = &distance[map_height * x + y];
 
            // Penalty-less spaces are handled by the inline if in the new_distance assignment.
            // We can have move_penalty be zero because it assumes the penalty-less cost is already accounted for.
            int16_t move_penalty = 0;
            // Skip the penalty search if terrain value is zero. We will ignore any move penalty anyway.
            if (terrain_value > 0) {
                // Only calculate movement penalty if this tile does not have it yet.
                if (explore->movement_penalty == -1) {
                    // Sum the move_slow_penalties on the map space.
                    object *tmp = GET_MAP_OB(cur_map, x, y);
                    FOR_OB_AND_ABOVE_PREPARE(tmp) {
                        if ((!source->move_type && tmp->move_slow&MOVE_WALK)
                            || ((source->move_type&tmp->move_slow) && (source->move_type&~tmp->move_slow&~tmp->move_block) == 0)) {
                                move_penalty += (int16_t)tmp->move_slow_penalty;
                        }
                    } FOR_OB_AND_ABOVE_FINISH();
                    // And, make sure to store this for when we bump into this tile again
                    explore->movement_penalty = move_penalty;
                }
                else {
                    move_penalty = explore->movement_penalty;
                }
            }
 
            /* Mod 2 is equivalent to checking only the 1's bit (1 or 0), but & 1 is faster.
             * Also, dir & 1 == 0 is true if we have a diagonal dir.
             */
            const int base_move_cost = ((dir & 1) == 0 ? 3 : 2);
 
            new_distance =
                current->distance
                  // If terrain value is zero, we will ignore movement_penalties.
                  // If move_penalty is 0, then there were no penalties for moving onto this space.
                + (move_penalty != 0 && terrain_value != 0 ? base_move_cost + base_move_cost * move_penalty * terrain_value / 2 : base_move_cost);
 
            // If already known blocked or arrivable in less distance, we skip
            if (explore->distance <= new_distance)
                continue;
            // If we have a non-default value here, we will have lready done ob_blocked on it.
            // So, only call ob_blocked if we are staring at 65535.
            // If we are not looking at an untested space, then we will skip this block and avoid ob_blocked
            if (explore->distance == 65535 && ob_blocked(source, cur_map, x, y))
            {
                // Mark as something we can't otherwise get -- the goal is to cache what spaces are blocked.
                // At least, this call to monster_compute_path will remember this spot is blocked.
                // This should cut our calls to ob_blocked some.
                explore->distance = 1;
                // The value of 1 also allows for walls to be considered already checked, but since we do not add to the
                // explore array, this makes them hit the condition above if they are checked again without going through walls.
                continue;
            }
 
            /*LOG(llevDebug, "check %d, %d dist = %d, nd = %d\n", x, y, distance[source->map->height*x+y], new_distance);*/
 
            // Only set x and y when we insert into the minheap.
            explore->x = x;
            explore->y = y;
            explore->distance = new_distance;
            explore->heuristic_dist = estimate_distance(x, y, source->x, source->y); // Add a heuristic to make this A*.
            /*                printf("explore[%d] => (%d, %d) %u\n", max, x, y, new_distance);*/
 
            // TODO: If the space has already been evaluated, we'd really want to do an in-place update, not an insert.
 
            // If the heap is full when we try to insert, then we have exhausted exploration space.
            if (minheap_insert(&heap, explore) != 0) {
                free(distance);
                return default_dir;
            }
        }
        current = static_cast<path_data *>(minheap_remove(&heap));
    } while (current != NULL);
 
    /*LOG(llevDebug, "no path\n");*/
    free(distance);
    return default_dir;
}
 
void monster_do_living(object *op) {
    assert(op);
    assert(QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_MONSTER));
 
    /*  generate hp, if applicable */
    if (op->stats.Con > 0 && op->stats.hp < op->stats.maxhp) {
        /* last heal is in funny units.  Dividing by speed puts
         * the regeneration rate on a basis of time instead of
         * #moves the monster makes.  The scaling by 8 is
         * to capture 8th's of a hp fraction regens
         *
         * Cast to int32_t before comparing to maxhp since otherwise an (int16_t)
         * overflow might produce monsters with negative hp.
         */
 
        op->last_heal += (int)((float)(8*op->stats.Con)/FABS(op->speed));
        op->stats.hp = MIN((int32_t)op->stats.hp+op->last_heal/32, op->stats.maxhp); /* causes Con/4 hp/tick */
        op->last_heal %= 32;
 
        /* So if the monster has gained enough HP that they are no longer afraid */
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_RUN_AWAY)
        && op->stats.hp >= (int16_t)((int32_t)op->run_away * op->stats.maxhp / 100))
            CLEAR_FLAG(op, FLAG_RUN_AWAY);
        /*
         * This should already be covered by the MIN() check above.
 
        if (op->stats.hp > op->stats.maxhp)
            op->stats.hp = op->stats.maxhp;
         */
    }
 
    /* generate sp, if applicable */
    if (op->stats.Pow > 0 && op->stats.sp < op->stats.maxsp) {
        /*  last_sp is in funny units.  Dividing by speed puts
         * the regeneration rate on a basis of time instead of
         * #moves the monster makes.  The scaling by 8 is
         * to capture 8th's of a sp fraction regens
         *
         * Cast to int32_t before comparing to maxhp since otherwise an (int16_t)
         * overflow might produce monsters with negative sp.
         */
 
        op->last_sp += (int)((float)(8*op->stats.Pow)/FABS(op->speed));
        op->stats.sp = MIN(op->stats.sp+op->last_sp/128, op->stats.maxsp);  /* causes Pow/16 sp/tick */
        op->last_sp %= 128;
    }
 
    /* this should probably get modified by many more values.
    * (eg, creatures resistance to fear, level, etc. )
    */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SCARED) && !(RANDOM()%20)) {
        CLEAR_FLAG(op, FLAG_SCARED); /* Time to regain some "guts"... */
    }
}
 
static int monster_move_no_enemy(object *op) {
    assert(QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_MONSTER));
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_ONLY_ATTACK))  {
        object_remove(op);
        object_free_drop_inventory(op);
        return 1;
    }
 
    /* Probably really a bug for a creature to have both
       * stand still and a movement type set.
           */
    if (!QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_STAND_STILL))  {
        if (op->attack_movement&HI4) {
            switch (op->attack_movement&HI4) {
            case PETMOVE:
                pets_move(op);
                break;
 
            case CIRCLE1:
                monster_circ1_move(op);
                break;
 
            case CIRCLE2:
                monster_circ2_move(op);
                break;
 
            case PACEV:
                monster_pace_movev(op);
                break;
 
            case PACEH:
                monster_pace_moveh(op);
                break;
 
            case PACEV2:
                monster_pace2_movev(op);
                break;
 
            case PACEH2:
                monster_pace2_moveh(op);
                break;
 
            case RANDO:
                monster_rand_move(op);
                break;
 
            case RANDO2:
                monster_move_randomly(op);
                break;
            }
            return 0;
        }
 
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_RANDOM_MOVE))
            monster_move_randomly(op);
    } /* stand still */
 
    return 0;
}
 
int monster_move(object *op) {
    int dir, diff;
    object *owner, *enemy, *part;
    rv_vector rv;
 
    /* Monsters not on maps don't do anything.  These monsters are things
     * Like royal guards in city dwellers inventories.
     */
    if (!op->map)
        return 0;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_NO_ATTACK)) { /* we never ever attack */
        object_set_enemy(op, NULL);
        enemy = NULL;
    } else {
        enemy = monster_find_enemy(op, &rv);
        if (enemy != NULL) {
            /* we have an enemy, just tell him we want him dead */
            enemy->attacked_by = op;       /* our ptr */
            enemy->attacked_by_count = op->count; /* our tag */
        }
    }
 
    monster_do_living(op);
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SLEEP)
    || QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_BLIND)
    || (op->map->darkness > 0 && !QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SEE_IN_DARK) && !QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SEE_INVISIBLE))) {
        if (!monster_check_wakeup(op, enemy, &rv))
            return 0;
    }
 
    /* check if monster pops out of hidden spot */
    if (op->hide)
        do_hidden_move(op);
 
    if (op->pick_up)
        monster_check_pickup(op);
 
    if (op->will_apply)
        monster_apply_below(op); /* Check for items to apply below */
 
    // Can happen due to monster_apply_below().
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_REMOVED)) {
        return 1;
    }
 
    /* If we don't have an enemy, do special movement or the like */
    if (!enemy) {
        return monster_move_no_enemy(op);
    } /* no enemy */
 
    /* We have an enemy.  Block immediately below is for pets */
    if ((op->attack_movement&HI4) == PETMOVE) {
        owner = object_get_owner(op);
        if (owner != NULL && !on_same_map(op, owner)) {
            pets_follow_owner(op, owner);
            /* If the pet was unable to follow the owner, free it */
            if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_REMOVED) && FABS(op->speed) > MIN_ACTIVE_SPEED) {
                remove_friendly_object(op);
                object_free_drop_inventory(op);
                return 1;
            }
            return 0;
        }
    }
 
    /* doppleganger code to change monster facing to that of the nearest
     * player.  Hmm.  The code is here, but no monster in the current
     * arch set uses it.
     */
    if (op->race != NULL && strcmp(op->race, "doppleganger") == 0) {
        op->face = enemy->face;
        if (op->name)
            free_string(op->name);
        add_refcount(op->name = enemy->name);
    }
 
    /* Calculate range information for closest body part - this
     * is used for the 'skill' code, which isn't that smart when
     * it comes to figuring it out - otherwise, giants throw boulders
     * into themselves.
     */
    if (!get_rangevector(op, enemy, &rv, 0))
        return 0;
    if (op->direction != rv.direction) {
        op->direction = rv.direction;
        op->facing = op->direction;
        if (op->animation)
            animate_object(op, op->direction);
    }
 
    // We are looking at movement -- if monster was paralyzed, they aren't anymore
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_PARALYZED)) {
        CLEAR_FLAG(op, FLAG_PARALYZED);
    }
 
    /* Move the check for scared up here - if the monster was scared,
     * we were not doing any of the logic below, so might as well save
     * a few cpu cycles.
     */
    if (!QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SCARED)) {
        dir = rv.direction;
 
        /* Was two if statements assigning to the same variable
         * We can get the same effect by reversing the order and making an else-if
         */
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_CONFUSED))
            dir = get_randomized_dir(dir);
        else if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_RUN_AWAY))
            dir = absdir(dir+4);
 
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_CAST_SPELL) && !(RANDOM()%3)) {
            if (monster_cast_spell(op, rv.part, enemy, dir))
                return 0;
        }
 
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_READY_SCROLL) && !(RANDOM()%3)) {
            if (monster_use_scroll(op, rv.part, enemy, dir))
                return 0;
        }
 
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_READY_RANGE) && !(RANDOM()%3)) {
            if (monster_use_range(op, rv.part, enemy, dir))
                return 0;
        }
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_READY_SKILL) && !(RANDOM()%3)) {
            if (monster_use_skill(op, rv.part, enemy, rv.direction))
                return 0;
        }
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_READY_BOW) && !(RANDOM()%2)) {
            if (monster_use_bow(op, rv.part, enemy, dir))
                return 0;
        }
    } /* If not scared */
 
 
    /* code below is for when we didn't use a range attack or a skill, so
     * either move or hit with hth attack. */
 
    part = rv.part;
    dir = rv.direction;
 
    /* This first clause used to happen after the other two, but would trample dir.
     * Moved to before them as another check to slightly reduce calls to monster_compute_path
     */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_CONFUSED))
        dir = get_randomized_dir(dir);
    else if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SCARED) || QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_RUN_AWAY))
        dir = absdir(dir+4);
    else if (!monster_can_hit(part, enemy, &rv)) {
        dir = monster_compute_path(op, enemy, -1);
        if (dir == -1) {
            // Can't reach enemy, so remove it, attempt to move in its last direction so not stay still
            LOG(llevMonster, "monster %s (%d, %d on %s) can't reach enemy %s (%d, %d on %s)\n",
                op->name, op->x, op->y, op->map ? op->map->name : "(unknown map)", enemy->name, enemy->x, enemy->y, enemy->map ? enemy->map->path : "(unknown map)");
            object_set_enemy(op, NULL);
            dir = rv.direction;
        }
    }
 
    if ((op->attack_movement&LO4) && !QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SCARED)) {
        switch (op->attack_movement&LO4) {
        case DISTATT:
            dir = monster_dist_att(dir, enemy, part, &rv);
            break;
 
        case RUNATT:
            dir = monster_run_att(dir, op, enemy, part, &rv);
            break;
 
        case HITRUN:
            dir = monster_hitrun_att(dir, op);
            break;
 
        case WAITATT:
            dir = monster_wait_att(dir, op, enemy, part, &rv);
            break;
 
        case RUSH: /* default - monster normally moves towards player */
        case ALLRUN:
            break;
 
        case DISTHIT:
            dir = monster_disthit_att(dir, op, enemy, part, &rv);
            break;
 
        case WAIT2:
            dir = monster_wait_att2(dir, &rv);
            break;
 
        default:
            LOG(llevDebug, "Illegal low mon-move: %d\n", op->attack_movement&LO4);
        }
    }
 
    if (!dir)
        return 0;
 
    if (!QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_STAND_STILL)) {
        if (move_object(op, dir)) /* Can the monster move directly toward player? */
            return 0;
 
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SCARED)
        || !monster_can_hit(part, enemy, &rv)
        || QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_RUN_AWAY)) {
            /* Try move around corners if !close */
            int maxdiff = (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_ONLY_ATTACK) || RANDOM()&1) ? 1 : 2;
            for (diff = 1; diff <= maxdiff; diff++) {
                /* try different detours */
                int m = 1-(RANDOM()&2);          /* Try left or right first? */
                if (move_object(op, absdir(dir+diff*m))
                || move_object(op, absdir(dir-diff*m)))
                    return 0;
            }
        }
    } /* if monster is not standing still */
 
    /*
     * Eneq(@csd.uu.se): Patch to make RUN_AWAY or SCARED monsters move a random
     * direction if they can't move away.
     */
    if (!QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_ONLY_ATTACK)
    && (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_RUN_AWAY) || QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SCARED)))
        if (monster_move_randomly(op))
            return 0;
 
    /*
     * Try giving the monster a new enemy - the player that is closest
     * to it.  In this way, it won't just keep trying to get to a target
     * that is inaccessible.
     * This could be more clever - it should go through a list of several
     * enemies, as it is now, you could perhaps get situations where there
     * are two players flanking the monster at close distance, but which
     * the monster can't get to, and a third one at a far distance that
     * the monster could get to - as it is, the monster won't look at that
     * third one.
     */
    if (!QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_FRIENDLY) && enemy == op->enemy) {
        object *nearest_player = get_nearest_player(op);
 
        if (nearest_player && nearest_player != enemy && !monster_can_hit(part, enemy, &rv)) {
            object_set_enemy(op, NULL);
            enemy = nearest_player;
        }
    }
 
    if (!QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SCARED) && monster_can_hit(part, enemy, &rv)) {
        /* The adjustement to wc that was here before looked totally bogus -
         * since wc can in fact get negative, that would mean by adding
         * the current wc, the creature gets better?  Instead, just
         * add a fixed amount - nasty creatures that are runny away should
         * still be pretty nasty.
         */
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_RUN_AWAY)) {
            part->stats.wc += 10;
            skill_attack(enemy, part, 0, NULL, NULL);
            part->stats.wc -= 10;
        } else
            skill_attack(enemy, part, 0, NULL, NULL);
    } /* if monster is in attack range */
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(part, FLAG_FREED))   /* Might be freed by ghost-attack or hit-back */
        return 1;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_ONLY_ATTACK)) {
        object_remove(op);
        object_free_drop_inventory(op);
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}
 
static int monster_can_hit(object *ob1, object *ob2, rv_vector *rv) {
    object *more;
    rv_vector rv1;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(ob1, FLAG_CONFUSED) && !(RANDOM()%3))
        return 0;
 
    if (abs(rv->distance_x) < 2 && abs(rv->distance_y) < 2)
        return 1;
 
    /* check all the parts of ob2 - just because we can't get to
     * its head doesn't mean we don't want to pound its feet
     */
    for (more = ob2->more; more != NULL; more = more->more) {
        if (get_rangevector(ob1, more, &rv1, 0)
        && abs(rv1.distance_x) < 2 && abs(rv1.distance_y) < 2)
            return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}
 
static int monster_should_cast_spell(object *spell_ob) {
    /* The caller is responsible for making sure that *spell_ob is defined. */
    assert(spell_ob != NULL);
 
    switch (spell_ob->subtype) {
        case SP_BOLT:
        case SP_BULLET:
        case SP_EXPLOSION:
        case SP_CONE:
        case SP_BOMB:
        case SP_SMITE:
        case SP_MAGIC_MISSILE:
        case SP_SUMMON_GOLEM:
        case SP_MAGIC_WALL:
        case SP_SUMMON_MONSTER:
        case SP_MOVING_BALL:
        case SP_SWARM:
        case SP_INVISIBLE:
        case SP_AURA:
            return 1;
    }
 
    return 0;
}
 
#define MAX_KNOWN_SPELLS 20
 
static object *monster_choose_random_spell(object *monster) {
    object *altern[MAX_KNOWN_SPELLS];
    int i = 0;
 
    FOR_INV_PREPARE(monster, tmp)
        if (tmp->type == SPELLBOOK || tmp->type == SPELL) {
            /* Check and see if it's actually a useful spell.
             * If its a spellbook, the spell is actually the inventory item.
             * if it is a spell, then it is just the object itself.
             */
            if (monster_should_cast_spell(tmp->type == SPELLBOOK ? tmp->inv : tmp)) {
                altern[i++] = tmp;
                if (i == MAX_KNOWN_SPELLS)
                    break;
            }
        }
    FOR_INV_FINISH();
    if (!i)
        return NULL;
    return altern[RANDOM()%i];
}
 
static int monster_cast_spell(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir) {
    object *spell_item;
    object *owner;
    rv_vector rv1;
 
    /* If you want monsters to cast spells over friends, this spell should
     * be removed.  It probably should be in most cases, since monsters still
     * don't care about residual effects (ie, casting a cone which may have a
     * clear path to the player, the side aspects of the code will still hit
     * other monsters)
     */
    dir = path_to_player(part, pl, 0);
    if (dir == 0)
        return 0;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_FRIENDLY)) {
        owner = object_get_owner(head);
        if (owner != NULL) {
            if (get_rangevector(head, owner, &rv1, 0x1)
            && dirdiff(dir, rv1.direction) < 2) {
                return 0; /* Might hit owner with spell */
            }
        }
    }
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_CONFUSED))
        dir = get_randomized_dir(dir);
 
    /* If the monster hasn't already chosen a spell, choose one
     * I'm not sure if it really make sense to pre-select spells (events
     * could be different by the time the monster goes again).
     */
    if (head->spellitem == NULL) {
        spell_item = monster_choose_random_spell(head);
        if (spell_item == NULL) {
            LOG(llevMonster, "Turned off spells in %s\n", head->name);
            CLEAR_FLAG(head, FLAG_CAST_SPELL); /* Will be turned on when picking up book */
            return 0;
        }
        if (spell_item->type == SPELLBOOK) {
            if (!spell_item->inv) {
                LOG(llevError, "spellbook %s does not contain a spell?\n", spell_item->name);
                return 0;
            }
            spell_item = spell_item->inv;
        }
    } else
        spell_item = head->spellitem;
 
    if (!spell_item)
        return 0;
 
    /* Best guess this is a defensive/healing spell */
    if (spell_item->range <= 1 || spell_item->stats.dam < 0)
        dir = 0;
 
    /* Monster doesn't have enough spell-points */
    /* As of 2023, monsters do not possess grace points, and so will use sp for prayers too. */
    if (head->stats.sp < SP_level_spellpoint_cost(head, spell_item, SPELL_MANA))
        return 0;
 
    if (head->stats.sp < SP_level_spellpoint_cost(head, spell_item, SPELL_GRACE))
        return 0;
 
    head->stats.sp -= SP_level_spellpoint_cost(head, spell_item, SPELL_MANA);
    head->stats.sp -= SP_level_spellpoint_cost(head, spell_item, SPELL_GRACE);
 
    /* set this to null, so next time monster will choose something different */
    head->spellitem = NULL;
 
    return cast_spell(part, part, dir, spell_item, NULL);
}
 
static int monster_use_scroll(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir) {
    object *scroll;
    object *owner;
    rv_vector rv1;
 
    /* If you want monsters to cast spells over friends, this spell should
     * be removed.  It probably should be in most cases, since monsters still
     * don't care about residual effects (ie, casting a cone which may have a
     * clear path to the player, the side aspects of the code will still hit
     * other monsters)
     */
    dir = path_to_player(part, pl, 0);
    if (dir == 0)
        return 0;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_FRIENDLY)) {
        owner = object_get_owner(head);
        if (owner != NULL) {
            if (get_rangevector(head, owner, &rv1, 0x1)
            && dirdiff(dir, rv1.direction) < 2) {
                return 0; /* Might hit owner with spell */
            }
        }
    }
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_CONFUSED))
        dir = get_randomized_dir(dir);
 
    scroll = NULL;
    FOR_INV_PREPARE(head, tmp)
        if (tmp->type == SCROLL && monster_should_cast_spell(tmp->inv)) {
            scroll = tmp;
            break;
        }
    FOR_INV_FINISH();
 
    /* Used up all his scrolls, so nothing do to */
    if (!scroll) {
        CLEAR_FLAG(head, FLAG_READY_SCROLL);
        return 0;
    }
 
    /* Spell should be cast on caster (ie, heal, strength) */
    if (scroll->inv->range == 0)
        dir = 0;
 
    /* Face the direction that we want to cast. */
    head->direction = dir;
    head->facing = head->direction;
    if (head->animation)
        animate_object(head, head->direction);
 
    apply_manual(part, scroll, 0);
    return 1;
}
 
static int monster_use_skill(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir) {
    object *owner;
    int found;
 
    dir = path_to_player(part, pl, 0);
    if (dir == 0)
        return 0;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_FRIENDLY)) {
        owner = object_get_owner(head);
        if (owner != NULL) {
            rv_vector rv;
 
            if (get_rangevector(head, owner, &rv, 0) && dirdiff(dir, rv.direction) < 1)
                return 0; /* Might hit owner with skill -thrown rocks for example ?*/
        }
    }
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_CONFUSED))
        dir = get_randomized_dir(dir);
 
    /* skill selection - monster will use the next unused skill.
     * well...the following scenario will allow the monster to
     * toggle between 2 skills. One day it would be nice to make
     * more skills available to monsters.
     */
    found = 0;
    FOR_INV_PREPARE(head, skill)
        if (skill->type == SKILL && skill != head->chosen_skill) {
            head->chosen_skill = skill;
            found = 1;
            break;
        }
    FOR_INV_FINISH();
 
    if (!found && !head->chosen_skill) {
        LOG(llevDebug, "Error: Monster %s (%d) has FLAG_READY_SKILL without skill.\n", head->name, head->count);
        CLEAR_FLAG(head, FLAG_READY_SKILL);
        return 0;
    }
    /* use skill */
    return do_skill(head, part, head->chosen_skill, dir, NULL);
}
 
static int monster_use_range(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir) {
    object *owner;
    int at_least_one = 0;
 
    dir = path_to_player(part, pl, 0);
    if (dir == 0)
        return 0;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_FRIENDLY)) {
        owner = object_get_owner(head);
        if (owner != NULL) {
            rv_vector rv;
 
            if (get_rangevector(head, owner, &rv, 0) && dirdiff(dir, rv.direction) < 2)
                return 0; /* Might hit owner with spell */
        }
    }
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_CONFUSED))
        dir = get_randomized_dir(dir);
 
    FOR_INV_PREPARE(head, wand) {
        if (wand->type == WAND) {
            /* Found a wand, let's see if it has charges left */
            at_least_one = 1;
            if (wand->stats.food <= 0)
                continue;
 
            cast_spell(head, wand, dir, wand->inv, NULL);
            drain_wand_charge(wand);
 
            /* Success */
            return 1;
        }
 
        if (wand->type == ROD && wand->inv) {
            /* Found rod/horn, let's use it if possible */
            at_least_one = 1;
            if (wand->stats.hp < MAX(wand->inv->stats.sp, wand->inv->stats.grace))
                continue;
 
            /* drain charge before casting spell - can be a case where the
             * spell destroys the monster, and rod, so if done after, results
             * in crash.
             */
            drain_rod_charge(wand);
            cast_spell(head, wand, dir, wand->inv, NULL);
 
            /* Success */
            return 1;
        }
    } FOR_INV_FINISH();
 
    if (at_least_one)
        return 0;
 
    LOG(llevError, "Error: Monster %s (%d) HAS_READY_RANG() without wand/horn/rod.\n", head->name, head->count);
    CLEAR_FLAG(head, FLAG_READY_RANGE);
    return 0;
}
 
static int monster_use_bow(object *head, object *part, object *pl, int dir) {
    object *owner;
    rv_vector rv;
    int16_t x, y;
    mapstruct *map;
 
    if (!get_rangevector(part, pl, &rv, 1))
        return 0;
    if (rv.distance > 100)
        /* Too far */
        return 0;
    if (rv.distance_x != 0 && rv.distance_y != 0 && abs(rv.distance_x) != abs(rv.distance_y))
        /* Player must be on same horizontal, vertical or diagonal line. */
        return 0;
    dir = rv.direction;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_FRIENDLY))
        owner = object_get_owner(head);
    else
        owner = NULL;
 
    /* The monster can possibly fire, let's see if the path is ok for an arrow. */
    x = part->x;
    y = part->y;
    map = part->map;
    while (x != pl->x || y != pl->y || map != pl->map) {
        x += freearr_x[dir];
        y += freearr_y[dir];
        map = get_map_from_coord(map, &x, &y);
        if (!map) {
            LOG(llevError, "monster_use_bow: no map but still path exists??\n");
            return 0;
        }
        if ((GET_MAP_MOVE_BLOCK(map, x, y)&MOVE_FLY_LOW) == MOVE_FLY_LOW)
            return 0;
        if (owner && owner->x == x && owner->y == y && owner->map == map)
            /* Don't hit owner! */
            return 0;
    }
 
    /* Finally, path is clear, can fire. */
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(head, FLAG_CONFUSED))
        dir = get_randomized_dir(dir);
 
    /* in server/player.c */
    return fire_bow(head, NULL, dir, 0, part->x, part->y);
}
 
static int monster_get_weapon_quality(const object *item) {
    int val;
    int i;
 
    val = item->stats.dam;
    val += item->magic*3;
    /* Monsters don't really get benefits from things like regen rates
     * from items.  But the bonus for their stats are very important.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < NUM_STATS; i++)
        val += get_attr_value(&item->stats, i)*2;
    return val;
}
 
static int monster_check_good_weapon(object *who, object *item) {
    object *other_weap;
    int val;
 
    other_weap = object_find_by_type_applied(who, item->type);
    if (other_weap == NULL) /* No other weapons */
        return 1;
 
    /* Rather than go through and apply the new one, and see if it is
     * better, just do some simple checks
     * Put some multipliers for things that hvae several effects,
     * eg, magic affects both damage and wc, so it has more weight
     */
 
    val = monster_get_weapon_quality(item)-monster_get_weapon_quality(other_weap);
    return val > 0;
}
 
static int monster_get_armour_quality(const object *item) {
    int val;
 
    val = item->stats.ac;
    val += item->resist[ATNR_PHYSICAL]/5;
    val += item->magic*3;
    return val;
}
 
static int monster_check_good_armour(object *who, object *item) {
    object *other_armour;
    int val, i;
 
    other_armour = object_find_by_type_applied(who, item->type);
    if (other_armour == NULL) /* No other armour, use the new */
        return 1;
 
    val = monster_get_armour_quality(item)-monster_get_armour_quality(other_armour);
 
    /* for the other protections, do weigh them very much in the equation -
     * it is the armor protection which is most important, because there is
     * no good way to know what the player may attack the monster with.
     * So if the new item has better protection than the old, give that higher
     * value.  If the reverse, then decrease the value of this item some.
     */
    for (i = 1; i < NROFATTACKS; i++) {
        if (item->resist[i] > other_armour->resist[i])
            val++;
        else if (item->resist[i] < other_armour->resist[i])
            val--;
    }
 
    /* Very few armours have stats, so not much need to worry about those. */
 
    return val > 0;
}
 
static void monster_check_apply(object *mon, object *item) {
    int flag = 0;
 
    if (item->type == SPELLBOOK
    && mon->arch != NULL
    && (QUERY_FLAG(&mon->arch->clone, FLAG_CAST_SPELL))) {
        SET_FLAG(mon, FLAG_CAST_SPELL);
        return;
    }
 
    /* If for some reason, this item is already applied, no more work to do */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(item, FLAG_APPLIED))
        return;
 
    /* Might be better not to do this - if the monster can fire a bow,
     * it is possible in his wanderings, he will find one to use.  In
     * which case, it would be nice to have ammo for it.
     */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(mon, FLAG_USE_BOW) && item->type == ARROW) {
        /* Check for the right kind of bow */
        object *bow;
 
        bow = object_find_by_type_and_race(mon, BOW, item->race);
        if (bow != NULL) {
            SET_FLAG(mon, FLAG_READY_BOW);
            LOG(llevMonster, "Found correct bow for arrows.\n");
            return;     /* nothing more to do for arrows */
        }
    }
 
    if (item->type == TREASURE && mon->will_apply&WILL_APPLY_TREASURE)
        flag = 1;
    /* Eating food gets hp back */
    else if (item->type == FOOD && mon->will_apply&WILL_APPLY_FOOD)
        flag = 1;
    else if (item->type == SCROLL && QUERY_FLAG(mon, FLAG_USE_SCROLL)) {
        if (!item->inv)
            LOG(llevDebug, "Monster %d having scroll %d with empty inventory!\n", mon->count, item->count);
        else if (monster_should_cast_spell(item->inv))
            SET_FLAG(mon, FLAG_READY_SCROLL);
        /* Don't use it right now */
        return;
    } else if (item->type == WEAPON)
        flag = monster_check_good_weapon(mon, item);
    else if (IS_ARMOR(item) || IS_SHIELD(item))
        flag = monster_check_good_armour(mon, item);
    /* Should do something more, like make sure this is a better item */
    else if (item->type == RING)
        flag = 1;
    else if (item->type == WAND || item->type == ROD) {
        /* We never really 'ready' the wand/rod/horn, because that would mean the
        * weapon would get undone.
        */
        if (!(apply_can_apply_object(mon, item)&CAN_APPLY_NOT_MASK)) {
            SET_FLAG(mon, FLAG_READY_RANGE);
            SET_FLAG(item, FLAG_APPLIED);
        }
        return;
    } else if (item->type == BOW) {
        /* We never really 'ready' the bow, because that would mean the
        * weapon would get undone.
        */
        if (!(apply_can_apply_object(mon, item)&CAN_APPLY_NOT_MASK))
            SET_FLAG(mon, FLAG_READY_BOW);
        return;
    } else if (item->type == SKILL) {
        /*
         * skills are specials: monsters must have the 'FLAG_READY_SKILL' flag set,
         * else they can't use the skill...
         * Skills also don't need to get applied, so return now.
         */
        SET_FLAG(mon, FLAG_READY_SKILL);
        return;
    }
 
    /* if we don't match one of the above types, return now.
     * apply_can_apply_object() will say that we can apply things like flesh,
     * bolts, and whatever else, because it only checks against the
     * body_info locations.
     */
    if (!flag)
        return;
 
    /* Check to see if the monster can use this item.  If not, no need
     * to do further processing.  Note that apply_can_apply_object() already checks
     * for the CAN_USE flags.
     */
    if (apply_can_apply_object(mon, item)&CAN_APPLY_NOT_MASK)
        return;
 
    /* should only be applying this item, not unapplying it.
     * also, ignore status of curse so they can take off old armour.
     * monsters have some advantages after all.
     */
    apply_manual(mon, item, AP_APPLY|AP_IGNORE_CURSE|AP_NOPRINT);
    return;
}
 
static void monster_check_pickup(object *monster) {
    object *part;
 
    for (part = monster; part != NULL; part = part->more)
        FOR_BELOW_PREPARE(part, tmp) {
            /* Don't try to pick items that are in the process of being thrown.
             * It is fairly likely that an ally threw it past monster to hit player.
             * IDEA: Maybe have a dex save to catch player-thrown projectiles?
             *
             * Neila Hawkins 2020-09-07
             */
            if (tmp->type != THROWN_OBJ && monster_can_pick(monster, tmp)) {
                uint32_t nrof;
 
                if (tmp->weight > 0) {
                    int32_t weight_limit;
 
                    weight_limit = get_weight_limit(monster->stats.Str);
                    if (weight_limit >= monster->weight-monster->carrying)
                        nrof = (weight_limit-monster->weight-monster->carrying)/tmp->weight;
                    else
                        nrof = 0;
                } else
                    nrof = MAX(1, tmp->nrof);
                if (nrof >= 1) {
                    object *tmp2;
 
                    tmp2 = object_split(tmp, MIN(nrof, MAX(1, tmp->nrof)), NULL, 0);
                    tmp2 = object_insert_in_ob(tmp2, monster);
                    (void)monster_check_apply(monster, tmp2);
                }
            }
        } FOR_BELOW_FINISH();
}
 
static int monster_can_pick(object *monster, object *item) {
    int flag = 0;
    int i;
 
    if (!object_can_pick(monster, item))
        return 0;
 
    if (QUERY_FLAG(item, FLAG_UNPAID))
        return 0;
 
    if (monster->pick_up&64)           /* All */
        flag = 1;
 
    else {
        if (IS_WEAPON(item))
            flag = (monster->pick_up&8) || QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_USE_WEAPON);
        else if (IS_ARMOR(item))
            flag = (monster->pick_up&16) || QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_USE_ARMOUR);
        else if (IS_SHIELD(item))
            flag = (monster->pick_up&16) || QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_USE_SHIELD);
        else switch (item->type) {
            case MONEY:
            case GEM:
                flag = monster->pick_up&2;
                break;
 
            case FOOD:
                flag = monster->pick_up&4;
                break;
 
            case SKILL:
                flag = QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_CAN_USE_SKILL);
                break;
 
            case RING:
                flag = QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_USE_RING);
                break;
 
            case WAND:
            case ROD:
                flag = QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_USE_RANGE);
                break;
 
            case SPELLBOOK:
                flag = (monster->arch != NULL && QUERY_FLAG(&monster->arch->clone, FLAG_CAST_SPELL));
                break;
 
            case SCROLL:
                flag = QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_USE_SCROLL);
                break;
 
            case BOW:
            case ARROW:
                flag = QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_USE_BOW);
                break;
            }
        if (!flag && QUERY_FLAG(item, FLAG_IS_THROWN) && object_find_by_type_subtype(monster, SKILL, SK_THROWING) != NULL)
            flag = (monster->pick_up&8) || QUERY_FLAG(monster, FLAG_USE_WEAPON);
        /* Simplistic check - if the monster has a location to equip it, he will
         * pick it up.  Note that this doesn't handle cases where an item may
         * use several locations.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < NUM_BODY_LOCATIONS; i++) {
            if (monster->body_info[i] && item->body_info[i]) {
                flag = 1;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
 
    if (((!(monster->pick_up&32)) && flag) || ((monster->pick_up&32) && (!flag)))
        return 1;
    return 0;
}
 
static void monster_apply_below(object *monster) {
    FOR_BELOW_PREPARE(monster, tmp) {
        switch (tmp->type) {
        case CF_HANDLE:
        case TRIGGER:
            if (monster->will_apply&WILL_APPLY_HANDLE)
                apply_manual(monster, tmp, 0);
            break;
 
        case TREASURE:
            if (monster->will_apply&WILL_APPLY_TREASURE)
                apply_manual(monster, tmp, 0);
            break;
        }
        if (QUERY_FLAG(tmp, FLAG_IS_FLOOR))
            break;
    } FOR_BELOW_FINISH();
}
 
void monster_check_apply_all(object *monster) {
    if (!monster->head) {
        fix_object(monster); // Needed to correctly fill various body fields.
    }
    FOR_INV_PREPARE(monster, inv)
        monster_check_apply(monster, inv);
    FOR_INV_FINISH();
}
 
void monster_npc_call_help(object *op) {
    const char *value;
    int help_radius = 3;
 
    value = object_get_value(op, "help_radius");
    if ( value ) {
        int override_help_radius;
 
        override_help_radius = strtol(value, NULL, 10);
        if (override_help_radius >= 0 && override_help_radius < 30)
            help_radius = override_help_radius;
        else
            LOG(llevDebug, "monster_npc_call_help: invalid help_radius %d\n", override_help_radius);
    }
 
    for (int x = -help_radius; x <= help_radius; x++)
        for (int y = -help_radius; y <= help_radius; y++) {
            mapstruct *m = op->map;
            int16_t sx = op->x+x;
            int16_t sy = op->y+y;
            int mflags = get_map_flags(m, &m, sx, sy, &sx, &sy);
            /* If nothing alive on this space, no need to search the space. */
            if ((mflags&P_OUT_OF_MAP) || !(mflags&P_IS_ALIVE))
                continue;
 
            FOR_MAP_PREPARE(m, sx, sy, npc)
                if (QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_ALIVE) && QUERY_FLAG(npc, FLAG_UNAGGRESSIVE)) {
                    object_set_enemy(npc, op->enemy);
                    CLEAR_FLAG(npc, FLAG_UNAGGRESSIVE);
                }
            FOR_MAP_FINISH();
        }
}
 
static int monster_dist_att(int dir, object *enemy, object *part, rv_vector *rv) {
    if (monster_can_hit(part, enemy, rv))
        return dir;
    if (rv->distance < 10)
        return absdir(dir+4);
    else if (rv->distance > 18)
        return dir;
    return 0;
}
 
static int monster_run_att(int dir, object *ob, object *enemy, object *part, rv_vector *rv) {
    if ((monster_can_hit(part, enemy, rv) && ob->move_status < 20) || ob->move_status < 20) {
        ob->move_status++;
        return (dir);
    } else if (ob->move_status > 20)
        ob->move_status = 0;
    return absdir(dir+4);
}
 
static int monster_hitrun_att(int dir, object *ob) {
    if (ob->move_status++ < 25)
        return dir;
    else if (ob->move_status < 50)
        return absdir(dir+4);
    ob->move_status = 0;
    return absdir(dir+4);
}
 
static int monster_wait_att(int dir, object *ob, object *enemy, object *part, rv_vector *rv) {
    int inrange = monster_can_hit(part, enemy, rv);
 
    if (ob->move_status || inrange)
        ob->move_status++;
 
    if (ob->move_status == 0)
        return 0;
    else if (ob->move_status < 10)
        return dir;
    else if (ob->move_status < 15)
        return absdir(dir+4);
    ob->move_status = 0;
    return 0;
}
 
static int monster_disthit_att(int dir, object *ob, object *enemy, object *part, rv_vector *rv) {
    /* The logic below here looked plain wrong before.  Basically, what should
     * happen is that if the creatures hp percentage falls below run_away,
     * the creature should run away (dir+4)
     * I think its wrong for a creature to have a zero maxhp value, but
     * at least one map has this set, and whatever the map contains, the
     * server should try to be resilant enough to avoid the problem
     */
    if (ob->stats.maxhp && (ob->stats.hp*100)/ob->stats.maxhp < ob->run_away)
        return absdir(dir+4);
    return monster_dist_att(dir, enemy, part, rv);
}
 
static int monster_wait_att2(int dir, rv_vector *rv) {
    if (rv->distance < 9)
        return absdir(dir+4);
    return 0;
}
 
static void monster_circ1_move(object *ob) {
    static const int circle [12] = { 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8, 1, 1, 2 };
 
    if (++ob->move_status > 11)
        ob->move_status = 0;
    if (!(move_object(ob, circle[ob->move_status])))
        (void)move_object(ob, RANDOM()%8+1);
}
 
static void monster_circ2_move(object *ob) {
    static const int circle[20] = { 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2 };
 
    if (++ob->move_status > 19)
        ob->move_status = 0;
    if (!(move_object(ob, circle[ob->move_status])))
        (void)move_object(ob, RANDOM()%8+1);
}
 
static void monster_pace_movev(object *ob) {
    if (ob->move_status++ > 6)
        ob->move_status = 0;
    if (ob->move_status < 4)
        (void)move_object(ob, 5);
    else
        (void)move_object(ob, 1);
}
 
static void monster_pace_moveh(object *ob) {
    if (ob->move_status++ > 6)
        ob->move_status = 0;
    if (ob->move_status < 4)
        (void)move_object(ob, 3);
    else
        (void)move_object(ob, 7);
}
 
static void monster_pace2_movev(object *ob) {
    if (ob->move_status++ > 16)
        ob->move_status = 0;
    if (ob->move_status < 6)
        (void)move_object(ob, 5);
    else if (ob->move_status < 8)
        return;
    else if (ob->move_status < 13)
        (void)move_object(ob, 1);
}
 
static void monster_pace2_moveh(object *ob) {
    if (ob->move_status++ > 16)
        ob->move_status = 0;
    if (ob->move_status < 6)
        (void)move_object(ob, 3);
    else if (ob->move_status < 8)
        return;
    else if (ob->move_status < 13)
        (void)move_object(ob, 7);
}
 
static void monster_rand_move(object *ob) {
    int i;
 
    if (ob->move_status < 1
    || ob->move_status > 8
    || !(move_object(ob, ob->move_status || !(RANDOM()%9))))
        for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            ob->move_status = RANDOM()%8+1;
            if (move_object(ob, ob->move_status))
                return;
        }
}
 
void monster_check_earthwalls(object *op, mapstruct *m, int x, int y) {
    FOR_MAP_PREPARE(m, x, y, tmp)
        if (tmp->type == EARTHWALL) {
            hit_player(tmp, op->stats.dam, op, AT_PHYSICAL, 1);
            return;
        }
    FOR_MAP_FINISH();
}
 
void monster_check_doors(object *op, mapstruct *m, int x, int y) {
    FOR_MAP_PREPARE(m, x, y, tmp)
        if (tmp->type == DOOR) {
            hit_player(tmp, op->stats.dam, op, AT_PHYSICAL, 1);
            return;
        }
    FOR_MAP_FINISH();
}
 
void monster_do_say(const mapstruct *map, const char *message) {
    ext_info_map(NDI_NAVY|NDI_UNIQUE, map, MSG_TYPE_DIALOG, MSG_TYPE_DIALOG_NPC,
                 message);
}
 
static StringBuffer *monster_format_say(const object* npc, const char *message) {
    char name[MAX_BUF];
    StringBuffer *buf;
 
    query_name(npc, name, sizeof(name));
    buf = stringbuffer_new();
    stringbuffer_append_printf(buf, "%s says: %s", name, message);
    return buf;
}
 
const char *get_reply_text_own(reply_type rt) {
    switch (rt) {
        case rt_say:
            return "say";
        case rt_reply:
            return "reply";
        case rt_question:
            return "ask";
    }
    assert(0);
    return NULL;
}
 
static const char *get_reply_text_other(reply_type rt) {
    switch (rt) {
        case rt_say:
            return "says";
        case rt_reply:
            return "replies";
        case rt_question:
            return "asks";
    }
    assert(0);
    return NULL;
}
 
void monster_communicate(object *op, const char *txt) {
    int i, mflags;
    int16_t x, y;
    mapstruct *mp, *orig_map = op->map;
    char own[MAX_BUF], others[MAX_BUF];
    talk_info info;
 
    info.text = txt;
    info.message = NULL;
    info.replies_count = 0;
    info.who = op;
    info.npc_msg_count = 0;
 
    /* Note that this loop looks pretty inefficient to me - we look and try to talk
     * to every object within 2 spaces.  It would seem that if we trim this down to
     * only try to talk to objects with npc->msg set, things would be a lot more efficient,
     * but I'm not sure if there are any objects out there that don't have a message and instead
     * rely sorely on events - MSW 2009-04-14
     */
    for (i = 0; i <= SIZEOFFREE2; i++) {
        mp = op->map;
        x = op->x+freearr_x[i];
        y = op->y+freearr_y[i];
 
        mflags = get_map_flags(mp, &mp, x, y, &x, &y);
        if (mflags&P_OUT_OF_MAP)
            continue;
 
        FOR_MAP_PREPARE(mp, x, y, npc) {
            monster_talk_to_npc(npc, &info);
            if (orig_map != op->map) {
                LOG(llevDebug, "Warning: Forced to swap out very recent map\n");
                return;
            }
        } FOR_MAP_FINISH();
    }
 
    /* First, what the player says. */
    if (info.message != NULL) {
        snprintf(own, sizeof(own), "You %s: %s", get_reply_text_own(info.message_type), info.message);
        snprintf(others, sizeof(others), "%s %s: %s", op->name, get_reply_text_other(info.message_type), info.message);
        free_string(info.message);
    } else {
        snprintf(own, sizeof(own), "You say: %s", txt);
        snprintf(others, sizeof(others), "%s says: %s", op->name, txt);
    }
    draw_ext_info(NDI_WHITE, 0, op, MSG_TYPE_COMMUNICATION, MSG_TYPE_COMMUNICATION_SAY, own);
    ext_info_map_except(NDI_WHITE, op->map, op, MSG_TYPE_COMMUNICATION, MSG_TYPE_COMMUNICATION_SAY, others);
 
    /* Then NPCs can actually talk. */
    for (i = 0; i < info.npc_msg_count; i++) {
        monster_do_say(orig_map, info.npc_msgs[i]);
        free_string(info.npc_msgs[i]);
    }
 
    /* Finally, the replies the player can use. */
    if (info.replies_count > 0) {
        draw_ext_info(NDI_WHITE, 0, op, MSG_TYPE_COMMUNICATION, MSG_TYPE_COMMUNICATION_SAY, "Replies:");
        for (i = 0; i < info.replies_count; i++) {
            draw_ext_info_format(NDI_WHITE, 0, op, MSG_TYPE_COMMUNICATION, MSG_TYPE_COMMUNICATION_SAY, " - %s: %s", info.replies_words[i], info.replies[i]);
            free_string(info.replies_words[i]);
            free_string(info.replies[i]);
        }
    }
}
 
static int monster_do_talk_npc(object *npc, talk_info *info) {
    struct_dialog_reply *reply;
    struct_dialog_message *message;
 
    if (!get_dialog_message(npc, info->text, &message, &reply))
        return 0;
 
    if (reply) {
        info->message = add_string(reply->message);
        info->message_type = reply->type;
    }
 
    if (message->identifies) {
        identify(npc);
    }
 
    if (npc->type == MAGIC_EAR) {
        ext_info_map(NDI_NAVY|NDI_UNIQUE|NDI_DELAYED, npc->map, MSG_TYPE_DIALOG, MSG_TYPE_DIALOG_MAGIC_EAR, message->message);
        use_trigger(npc);
    } else {
        char value[2];
 
        if (info->npc_msg_count < MAX_NPC) {
            info->npc_msgs[info->npc_msg_count] = stringbuffer_finish_shared(monster_format_say(npc, message->message));
            info->npc_msg_count++;
        }
 
        /* mark that the npc was talked to, so it won't move randomly later on */
        value[0] = '3' + rand() % 6;
        value[1] = '\0';
        object_set_value(npc, "talked_to", value, 1);
 
        reply = message->replies;
        while (reply && info->replies_count < MAX_REPLIES) {
            info->replies[info->replies_count] = add_string(reply->message);
            info->replies_words[info->replies_count] = add_string(reply->reply);
            info->replies_count++;
            reply = reply->next;
        }
    }
 
    return 1;
}
 
void monster_npc_say(object *npc, const char *cp) {
    char *message;
    StringBuffer *buf = monster_format_say(npc, cp);
 
    message = stringbuffer_finish(buf);
    monster_do_say(npc->map, message);
    free(message);
}
 
static int monster_talk_to_npc(object *npc, talk_info *info) {
 
    if (events_execute_object_say(npc, info) != 0)
        return 0;
 
    /* Here we let the objects inside inventories hear and answer, too. */
    /* This allows the existence of "intelligent" weapons you can discuss with */
    FOR_INV_PREPARE(npc, cobj)
        if (events_execute_object_say(cobj, info) != 0)
            return 0;
    FOR_INV_FINISH();
    if (info->who == npc)
        return 0;
    return monster_do_talk_npc(npc, info);
}
 
object *monster_find_throw_ob(object *op) {
    /* New throw code: look through the inventory. Grap the first legal is_thrown
     * marked item and throw it to the enemy.
     */
 
    FOR_INV_PREPARE(op, tmp) {
        /* Can't throw invisible objects or items that are applied */
        if (!tmp->invisible && !QUERY_FLAG(tmp, FLAG_APPLIED) && QUERY_FLAG(tmp, FLAG_IS_THROWN)) {
#ifdef DEBUG_THROW
            char what[MAX_BUF];
 
            query_name(tmp, what, MAX_BUF);
            LOG(llevDebug, "%s chooses to throw: %s (%d)\n", op->name, what, tmp->count);
#endif
            return tmp;
        }
    } FOR_INV_FINISH();
 
#ifdef DEBUG_THROW
    LOG(llevDebug, "%s chooses to throw nothing\n", op->name);
#endif
    return NULL;
}
 
int monster_can_detect_enemy(object *op, object *enemy, rv_vector *rv) {
    int radius = MIN_MON_RADIUS, hide_discovery;
 
    /* null detection for any of these condtions always */
    if (!op || !enemy || !op->map || !enemy->map)
        return 0;
 
    /* If the monster (op) has no way to get to the enemy, do nothing */
    if (!get_rangevector(op, enemy, rv, 0))
        return 0;
 
    /* Monsters always ignore the DM */
    if (op->type != PLAYER && QUERY_FLAG(enemy, FLAG_WIZ))
        return 0;
 
    /* simple check.  Should probably put some range checks in here. */
    if (monster_can_see_enemy(op, enemy))
        return 1;
 
    /* The rest of this is for monsters. Players are on their own for
     * finding enemies!
     */
    if (op->type == PLAYER)
        return 0;
 
    /* Quality invisible? Bah, we wont see them w/o SEE_INVISIBLE
     * flag (which was already checked) in can_see_enmy (). Lets get out of here
     */
    if (enemy->invisible && (!enemy->contr || (!enemy->contr->tmp_invis && !enemy->contr->hidden)))
        return 0;
 
    /* use this for invis also */
    hide_discovery = op->stats.Int/5;
 
    /* Determine Detection radii */
    if (!enemy->hide) /* to detect non-hidden (eg dark/invis enemy) */
        radius = MAX(op->stats.Wis/5+1, MIN_MON_RADIUS);
    else { /* a level/INT/Dex adjustment for hiding */
        object *sk_hide;
        int bonus = (op->level/2)+(op->stats.Int/5);
 
        if (enemy->type == PLAYER) {
            sk_hide = find_skill_by_number(enemy, SK_HIDING);
            if (sk_hide != NULL)
                bonus -= sk_hide->level;
            else {
                LOG(llevError, "monster_can_detect_enemy() got hidden player w/o hiding skill!\n");
                make_visible(enemy);
                radius = MAX(radius, MIN_MON_RADIUS);
            }
        } else /* enemy is not a player */
            bonus -= enemy->level;
 
        radius += bonus/5;
        hide_discovery += bonus*5;
    } /* else creature has modifiers for hiding */
 
    /* Radii stealth adjustment. Only if you are stealthy
    * will you be able to sneak up closer to creatures */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(enemy, FLAG_STEALTH))
        radius = radius/2, hide_discovery = hide_discovery/3;
 
    /* Radii adjustment for enemy standing in the dark */
    if (op->map->darkness > 0 && !monster_stand_in_light(enemy)) {
        /* on dark maps body heat can help indicate location with infravision
         * undead don't have body heat, so no benefit detecting them.
         */
        if (QUERY_FLAG(op, FLAG_SEE_IN_DARK) && !is_true_undead(enemy))
            radius += op->map->darkness/2;
        else
            radius -= op->map->darkness/2;
 
        /* op next to a monster (and not in complete darkness)
         * the monster should have a chance to see you.
         */
        if (radius < MIN_MON_RADIUS && op->map->darkness < 5 && rv->distance <= 1)
            radius = MIN_MON_RADIUS;
    } /* if on dark map */
 
    /* Lets not worry about monsters that have incredible detection
     * radii, we only need to worry here about things the player can
     * (potentially) see.  This is 13, as that is the maximum size the player
     * may have for their map - in that way, creatures at the edge will
     * do something.  Note that the distance field in the
     * vector is real distance, so in theory this should be 18 to
     * find that.
     */
    if (radius > 13)
        radius = 13;
 
    /* Enemy in range! Now test for detection */
    if ((int)rv->distance <= radius) {
        /* ah, we are within range, detected? take cases */
        if (!enemy->invisible) /* enemy in dark squares... are seen! */
            return 1;
 
        /* hidden or low-quality invisible */
        if (enemy->hide && rv->distance <= 1 && RANDOM()%100 <= (unsigned int)hide_discovery) {
            make_visible(enemy);
            /* inform players of new status */
            if (enemy->type == PLAYER && player_can_view(enemy, op))
                draw_ext_info_format(NDI_UNIQUE, 0, enemy, MSG_TYPE_SKILL, MSG_TYPE_SKILL_FAILURE,
                                     "You are discovered by %s!",
                                     op->name);
            return 1; /* detected enemy */
        } else if (enemy->invisible) {
            /* Change this around - instead of negating the invisible, just
             * return true so that the mosnter that managed to detect you can
             * do something to you.  Decreasing the duration of invisible
             * doesn't make a lot of sense IMO, as a bunch of stupid creatures
             * can then basically negate the spell.  The spell isn't negated -
             * they just know where you are!
             */
            if (RANDOM()%50 <= (unsigned int)hide_discovery) {
                if (enemy->type == PLAYER) {
                    char name[MAX_BUF];
 
                    query_name(op, name, MAX_BUF);
                    draw_ext_info_format(NDI_UNIQUE, 0, enemy, MSG_TYPE_SKILL, MSG_TYPE_SKILL_FAILURE,
                                         "You see %s noticing your position.",
                                         name);
                }
                return 1;
            }
        }
    } /* within range */
 
    /* Wasn't detected above, so still hidden */
    return 0;
}
 
static int monster_stand_in_light_internal(object *op) {
    if (!op)
        return 0;
    if (op->glow_radius > 0)
        return 1;
 
    if (op->map) {
        int x, y;
 
        /* Check the spaces with the max light radius to see if any of them
         * have lights, and if any of them light the player enough, then return 1.
         */
        for (x = op->x-MAX_LIGHT_RADII; x <= op->x+MAX_LIGHT_RADII; x++) {
            for (y = op->y-MAX_LIGHT_RADII; y <= op->y+MAX_LIGHT_RADII; y++) {
                int16_t nx = x;
                int16_t ny = y;
                mapstruct *m = get_map_from_coord(op->map, &nx, &ny);
                if (m == nullptr)
                    continue;
 
                int light = GET_MAP_LIGHT(m, nx, ny);
                if (light == 0)
                    continue;
 
                if (ihypot(x-op->x, y-op->y) < light)
                    return 1;
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
 
int monster_stand_in_light(object *op) {
    if (!op)
        return 0;
 
    if (op->light_cached_time == pticks)
        return op->light_cached;
 
    int val = monster_stand_in_light_internal(op);
    op->light_cached = val;
    op->light_cached_time = pticks;
    return val;
}
 
int monster_can_see_enemy(object *op, object *enemy) {
    object *looker = HEAD(op);
 
    /* safety */
    if (!looker || !enemy || !QUERY_FLAG(looker, FLAG_ALIVE))
        return 0;
 
    /* we dont give a full treatment of xrays here (shorter range than normal,
     * see through walls). Should we change the code elsewhere to make you
     * blind even if you can xray?
     */
    if (QUERY_FLAG(looker, FLAG_BLIND) && !QUERY_FLAG(looker, FLAG_XRAYS))
        return 0;
 
    /* checking for invisible things */
    if (enemy->invisible) {
        /* HIDDEN ENEMY. by definition, you can't see hidden stuff!
         * However, if you carry any source of light, then the hidden
         * creature is seeable (and stupid) */
        if (has_carried_lights(enemy)) {
            if (enemy->hide) {
                make_visible(enemy);
                draw_ext_info(NDI_UNIQUE, 0, enemy, MSG_TYPE_SKILL, MSG_TYPE_SKILL_FAILURE,
                              "Your light reveals your hiding spot!");
            }
            return 1;
        } else if (enemy->hide)
            return 0;
 
        /* Invisible enemy.  Break apart the check for invis undead/invis looker
         * into more simple checks - the QUERY_FLAG doesn't return 1/0 values,
         * and making it a conditional makes the code pretty ugly.
         */
        if (!QUERY_FLAG(looker, FLAG_SEE_INVISIBLE)) {
            if (makes_invisible_to(enemy, looker))
                return 0;
        }
    } else if (looker->type == PLAYER) /* for players, a (possible) shortcut */
        if (player_can_view(looker, enemy))
            return 1;
 
    /* ENEMY IN DARK MAP. Without infravision, the enemy is not seen
     * unless they carry a light or stand in light. Darkness doesnt
     * inhibit the undead per se (but we should give their archs
     * CAN_SEE_IN_DARK, this is just a safety
     * we care about the enemy maps status, not the looker.
     * only relevant for tiled maps, but it is possible that the
     * enemy is on a bright map and the looker on a dark - in that
     * case, the looker can still see the enemy
     */
    if (enemy->map->darkness > 0
    && !monster_stand_in_light(enemy)
    && (!QUERY_FLAG(looker, FLAG_SEE_IN_DARK) || !is_true_undead(looker) || !QUERY_FLAG(looker, FLAG_XRAYS)))
        return 0;
 
    return 1;
}